Driving and feeding mechanism in metal-working machinery.



. SOSA.

DRIVING AND FEEDING MECHANISM IN METAL WORKING MACHINERY.

APPLIOATION FILED SEPT. 6, 1910.

z SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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172/6712 eases;

A. M. SOSA.

DRIVING AND FEEDING MECHANISM IN METAL WORKING MACHINERY.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 6, 1910.

Patented Oct. 7, 11913.

, Wabzewes. Cflda, 0M.

.tool and the Work.

My invention is ap licable in metal workiunrrnn suns a MC.

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mascara, or cmcrnnarr, care.

nnrvrne AND nnnnme mnonamsm KN lun'rnn womnn MACHINERY.

specification of teeters Patent.

Patented new, rate.

Application filed September 6, 3910. Serial No. 581%2;

To all whom if may concern: I

Be it known that l, AUcUsrUs M. Sosa residing at Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Driving and Feeding Mechanism in Metal- Working Machinery, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to drivlng and feeding mechanism in metal working mach nery for accomplishing the rotating and linear movements which take place between the ing machines in whic the feeding or'linear movement is substantially continuous during the cutting operation, as for instance in drilling machines, in which t-hetool is caused to rotate with relation to the work and is also caused to be fed toward the work in performing the cutting; in milling machines, in which the tool is caused to rotate and the work is fed past the tool while-cutting; in turning machines, in which the work is caused to rotate and the tool while cutting is fed across the work; and in other metal workin machinery in which there are correspon in between t e tool and work in accomplishing the cutting function.

The two forces for accomplishing respectively the cutting movement and the feeding movement have, in machines of the character mentioned, heretofore been usually transmitted. where accomplished by power, through two separate trains of gearing, either positive or frictional, independently controlled. These means have usually in practice been designated as a speed changer therto provide adjusting means whereby the cutting and feeding movement's may be relrotating and linear movements 'parts just described may be ativelv adected; further to provide means whereby the relation between the rate of feed and the speed of rotation in performing the cutting operation may be changed during maintenance of-the gear connections which accomplish said feed and rotation but under elimination of the aforesaid feed boxesfurther to rovide means in which t e driving and ceding movements automatically act one agaimt the other; further to provide means whereby the difierent resistances between the tool and. work present in the cutting movements when employing tools of difierent sizes are res ectively automatically caused to act upon t e feeding force for determini the amounts of feed between the toolanworh when employing any given size of tool; and further to provide means whereby tools of greater cutting resistance transfer greater feeding force than tools of smaller cutting resistance. I

p l have exemplified my invention as ap-' plied in a drilling machine of simple form, from which the principle of its a plication to other forms of drilling mac ines and other machines of the character mentioned will be understood. 7

My invention willbefurther readily 1111f derstood from the following description and claims, and from the drawings, in which latter: I

Figure 1 is a front elevation of a drilling machineembracing my invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same. 3 is a vertical section taken on the line w-m of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is ahorizontal section taken on the line g-y of Fig. 2; and Fig. 5. is a detail in horizontal section on the line z--z of Fig. 2. r

]l represents the frame of the machine whichmay be of any suitable form.- 2 is a suitable work-support which, as shown, is arranged to be adjusted toward and from the cutter position, as by being mounted on a bracket 3 having a bearing 4 about the frame or column, a screw-rod 5 being received in a threaded hearing 6: and turned changers or feed in suitable manner for positioning the bracket. 7 is a drive-shaft, driven in suitable manner, to which various speeds may be imparted by suitable mechanism, shown as a cone pulley 8 and back-gearing 9. The

or ordinary form of construction.

of any usual and may be any suitable form of gear-train of that character, the bevel-gear type of epicyclic gear-train being shown, and preferably embraces a driving member and two driven members, one of which driven members is primarily instrumental in accomplishing the cutting operation between the tool and the work and the other of which driven members is primarily instrumental in -accomplishing the feeding movement between the tool and work, the resistances of said operations in said respective driven elements reacting upon one another for inducing relative effectiveness in said respective operations. Thus 14 is the driving member of my improved train of gearing and in the form shown is arranged to be driven by being rigidly connected with the hub 15 ofv a bevel-gear 16, the bevel-gear 16 receiving its motion from a bevel-pinion 18 on the drive-shaft 7.

21 is a rotatable frame on which bevelpinions 22 rotate on studs 23.

24 is a bevel-gear which is a mate to the bevel-gear 14, the bevel-pinions 22 being arranged to rotate between said bevel-gears 14 and 24. The bevel pinions 22 form planetary gears.

26 is the spindle and may represent the driving means for causing cutting movement between the tool and work, and 27 is the feed-shaft of the machine; the first of these shafts being arranged to accomplish relative rotation between the tool and the work and the second offthese shafts being arranged to accomplish relative linear movement between the tool and the work, the first of these movements being instanced in the present exemplification as a rotating tool move-- ment and the second as a longitudinal tool movement.

One of the driven members, instanced as the rotatable frame 21, is shown as having driving connection with the arbor or shaft 26 and the other-of said driven members, namely the bevel-gear 24, is shown as having driving connection with the feed-shaft 27 The driving connection between the rotatable frame and the drill spindle is accomplished by the spline-connection 28. The

driving connection between the bevel-gear 24.

' and the feed-shaft is accomplished by the spur-gear 29, upon the hub 30 of which the bevel-gear 24 is rigidly secured, the spurgear 29 meshing with a gear 32 secured to the feed-shaft 27.

The spindle 26 is journaled and has longitudinal movement in bearings 34 on the main frame, and the feed-shaft 27 is journaled in bearings 35 of the main frame. The spindlehas thereon a suitable toolholder, shown at 41, arranged to receive the tool, shown as a drill 42. 43 is a sleeve in which the spindle rotates and which is pro vided with a rack 44 with which a feedpinion 45 meshes, and may represent the feeding means for causing feeding movement between. the tool and work. The sleeve has longitudinal movement but is prevented from turning in a bearing 46 on a bracket 47 extending from the main frame. The pinion 45 is on a shaft 48 and is operated from the feed-shaft, as through the medium of a spiral gear 51 on the feed-shaft which meshes with a spiral gear 52 received about the shaft 48. A hand-wheel 57 is provided, by means of which the feeding of the drill may be controlled by hand either independent of or in conjunction with the power feed.

In my invention one of the driven members has operative connection for causing cutting movement between the toolholder and work holder, and the other driven member has operative connection for causing feeding movement between the toolholder and work-holder, both connections in the present exemplification being made with the tool-holder for causing the tool-holder to both rotate and have linear movement, al-

though it is obvious that it is within the;

scope of my invention that the connections be so made as to causedift'erent relations of movement between said'holders, as stated in the third paragraph of this specification.

-Each of the driven members of the epicyclic train of gearing has operative connection with one of said holders, that is to say, one of said driven members has operative connection with one of said holders, and the other of said driven members has operative connection with one of said holders, in-

stanced in the present exemplification as the same holder.

The spindle may be counterweighted as by a weight 61 suspended from a flexible connection 62 secured with relation to the spindle-sleeve as at 63, and received over rollers 64 in the column.

The ratio of the feed gears 29, 32, 51, 52 is made so as to offer a given resistance, as by means of the angle of the spiral gears 51 52, which angle is selected to suit the construction and the performance desired. This angle of resistance is but slight, so that the said train of gears, by reason of this angle, ofiers but slight resistance to the force applied thereto. Taking this angle of resistance and the fact that the spindle is in the present instance counterweighted into consideration, we will follow the tool in its operation.

Driving power is delivered to the driving member or gear 14. Resistance being of-- fered by the feed gears, by reason of the angle of resistance stated, the pinions 22 will roll around the gear 24, forming planetary gears with relation thereto, and carryingthe rotatable frame 21 and the spindle rename 2% with them in their movement at a speed of one-hall that of gear 14. This movement will continue as long as no resistance is odered to the rotation of the spindle. I'

stance by providing the screw 66 with a.

worm-wheel 70 engaged by a worm 71 on a shaft 72 in a bearing 73 on the split-ring, there being a hand-wheel. 74 for said shaft having an index 79 thereon, with the marks of which a finger 78 secured to said splitring, is adapted to register.

The sleeve 43 is longitudinally stationary with relation to the spindle 26 as by having the lower end 'thereof received against 001- lars 75 limited by the tool-holder 41, and collars 76 between the upper end of the sleeve and nuts 77 threaded to said spindle. If now, resistance is. ofi'ered to the turning of the spindle, as by turning the shaft 72, this-resistance counteracts the resistance of the feed-gears mentioned. 'Ihese resistances are in practice only small in amount. I prefer to ofier such resistance, hereinafter referred to as the initial or artificial resistance, to the running of the spindle as to overbalance the resistance of the feed-gears, in order that rotation of the spindle may be checked and motion in the feed train be initiated and normally maintained, the hevel-pinions22 normally acting as transmitting gears, transmitting motion to the bevel-gear 24 and fromthis bevel-gear to' the spur-gears 29 and 32, feed-shaft 27, the

gears 51 52, the feed-pinion l5and sleeve- 43, causing movement of said sleeve and the spindle longitudinally toward the work, being an advance movement of said spindle.

Experiments show that in the operation of metal working machines in which the cutting and feeding movements are caused by relativerotary and linear movements between the tool and work, that the two forces mentioned, turning moments in drive and end thrust in thefeed, do not, for reasons applicable in the particular machines, in crease proportionally, the forces of the end thrusts of the feed increasing in greater ratio than the forces of the turning moments of the drive. In drilling machines, for instance, as the amount of feed per turn increases, the end thrust required to feed the drill increases in greater ratio. J

In "my improved device,with a glven size of drill and with a given ear-ratlo for the feed, a point can he rose ed therefore at which the feeding force will equal the spindle turning resistance plus the initial or artificial resistance above mentioned.

In In improved device, the initial resistance a ove mentioned being applied, the spindle 26 advances until the drill strikes the work, thereby ofi'ering resistance to the feedingI movement, which resistance re-acts upon t erated rotation thereof, de endent on the amount of the initial or artificial resistance applied. This causes cutting or increased cutting, as the case may be, by the tool, and consequent additional resistance to the rotary movement of the same, which automatically re-acts upon the linear or feeding movement of the drill, for accomplishing the feeding and the cutting movements of the tool.

The feeding action is under instant control of the hand-wheel, the manual force required to accelerate or retard the power feed by hand being very slight.

A clutch may be interposed in one of the feeding elements for permitting expenditure or release of motion when permitting the machine to run idle and to prevent an capacity of the drill being employed to resist breaking. I have shown this clutch as a friction clutch 53 comprising a triotion-plug 54 secured to rotate with the shaft 48 and received in 'av friction-socket 55 of the gear 52, the clutch being brought into engaging relation by a hand-nut 56 on a threaded rod 58, which draws the friction-plug into the friction-socket orvpermits release between the friction faces therebetween.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1.- In a driving and feeding mechanism for metal working machinery employing a t-ool for cutting work, the combination of a work-holder, a tool-holder, a train of mechanism comprising a driving member and a plurality of driven members having: reacting connection between them for r vmg the same, operative driving connection between one of said driven membersand one of said holders, and operative feedin connection between the other of said riven members and one of said holders.

2. In a driving and feeding mechanism for metal working machinery employing a tool for cutting work, the combination oi?v a work-holder, a tool-holder, a train of mechanism comprising a driving member and a lurality of driven members having reactmg connection between them for driving tween one of said driven members and one of said holders, operative feeding connecthe same, operative driving connection be e spindle, causing rotation or accelexcess of end-thrust at the drill beyond the I tion between the other of said driven mem- 13o bers and one of said holders, and adjustable controlling "means for one of said driven members, substantially for the purpose described.

3. In driving and feeding mechanism for metal working machinery employing a tool for cutting work, the combination of a toolholder and a work-holder, a driving element for one of said holders, a feeding element for one of said holders, an epicyclic geartrain comprising a driving member and a pair of driven members, operative connec-. tion between said driving element and oneof said driven members, and operative connection between said feeding element and one of said driven members.

4. In a driving and feeding mechanism for metal working machinery employing a tool for cutting work, the combination of awork-holder, a tool-holder, a train of mechanism comprising a driving member and a plurality of driven members having reacting connection between them for driving the same, operative driving connection between one of said driven members and one of said holders, operative feeding connection between the other of said driven members and one of said holders, and a powerrelieving device for one of said driven members, substantially for the purpose described.

5. In driving and feeding mechanism for metal working machinery employing a tool for cutting work, the combination of a toolholder, a work-holder, means for causing rotary movement between said holders, means for causing linear movement between said holders, a train of mechanism comprising a driving member and a plurality of ing a driving'member and a plurality of driven members having reacting effect upon one another, operative connection between one of said driven members and said means for causing rotary movement between said holders, operative connection between the other of said driven membersand said means for causing linear movement between said holders, and a retarding means having operative connection with one of said driven members, substantially for the purpose described.

7. In driving and feeding mechanism for metal working machinery employing a tool for cutting work, the combination of mechanism concerned in cutting movement between the tool and work, mechanism concerned in feeding movement between the tool and work, an epicyclic train of gearing comprising a driving member and driven members driven by said driving erative connection with said respective named mechanisms.

8. In driving and feeding mechanism for metal working machineryemploying a tool for cutting work, the combination of a rotary driving element, a linearly movable feeding element, an epicyclic train of gearing comprising a driving member and a ing member, a train of mechanism embracing one of said driven members having connection with said driving element, and a second train of mechanism embracing the other of said driven members having connection with said feeding element, substantially for the purpose described.

9. In driving and feeding mechanism for metal Working machinery employing a tool for cutting work, the combination of a rotary driving element, ,a linearly movable feeding element, an epicyclic train of gearing comprising a driving member and a pair of driven members driven by said driving member, a train of mechanism comprising one of said driven members having connection with said driving element, a second train of mechanism comprising the other of said driven members having connection with, said feeding element, and power-relieving means for a train of said mechanism.

10. In driving and feeding mechanism for metal working machinery employing a tool forcutting work, the combination of a feeding element, an epicyclic train of gearing comprising a driving member and a pair of driven members driven by said drivingmember, a train of mechanism comprising one of said driven members having connection with said driving element, a second train of mechanism comprising the other of said driven members having connection with said feeding element, and resistancecontrolling means for a train of said mechanism.

11. In a driving and feeding mechanism in metal working machinery, the combination of a tool-support, a rotating element and a linearly movable element therefor, an epicyclic gear-train com rising a driving member and a pair 0 driven members driven by said driving member, and a pair of trains of mechanism, one of said trains member, said driven members having op-.

pair of driven members driven by said drivrotary driving element, a linearly movable i igovaeoe ing the other of said drivennmembersand .said' linearly movable element.

12. In a dniving'and" feeding -mechanism in 1 metal working machinery, :the combination-ofva'toolrsupporh a rotating element and a linearly movable element therefonan epicyclicvgear -trainr comprising a driving member. and a} pair ofdriven 'menrbers driven by said driving'member, and a pair Of' tI-EHHS Of HIGClJaIHSII],Ol'lfibfrSflld :ilItllIlS ofimechanism comp-rising one-of said driven -members' and said' rotating element; retardi :ing means therefor iand' the other of said trains of mechanislncomprising the other of-said driven: members and said linearly movable element;

13. In: driving and feeding: mechanism for metal working machinery, the combina-f tion of a" work-support, a' tool support, a

train of mechanism causing cutting move? recent between said supports,:'a train'of mechanism causing feeding: =movement I. be tWeensaid supportS, an epicyclic train of gearing comprising a driving-member'and a pair of driven members, one=ofsaid driven members embraced as a drivingelement in said first-named train of mechanism, and the other of said .dri-ven imembers embraced as a driving element in said second-named train of mechanism.

14. In driving and feeding mechanism for metal Working machinery, the combination of a work-support, a tool-support, a train of mechanism causing cutting movement between said supports, atrain of mech anism causing feeding movement between said supports, an epicyclic train of gearing comprising a driving member and a pair of driven members, one of said driven members embraced as a driving element in said first-named train of mechanism, the other of saiddriven members embraced as a driving element in said second-named train of mechanism, and resisting means for said first-named train vof mechanism normally causing operation of said second-named train of mechanism;

15. In driving andfeeding mechanism for metal working machinery, the, combination of a tool-holder and a work-holder constituting a pair of holders, means for driving one of said holders means for feeding one of said holders, an epicyclic train of gearing embracing a driving member and a pair of driven members, operative connection between said driving means and one of said driven members, and operative connection between said feeding means, and the other of said driven members, substantially for the purpose described.

16. In a driving and feeding mechanism for metal working machinery employing a tooli. for cutting wdrk, the" combination of driving vmeans and feeding means for causing dmlving andfeeding movements between thetoola and work, an epicyclic train: of :gearing embracing a driving member and a pairof driven members, operative connection a between one of said driven members and said driving means, and-operative connection between the other of said-driven -:rnembe'rs: and :said feeding means.

17.- In driving andfeeding mechanism for metal working machinery, the eombina'tion with a tool-holding member, of meansifor driving and means-for feeding said member, 4 an epicyclic :trainof gearing having a a T0- ztaryarm, connection between one of said means and the rotaryarm'of said train, and connection between the otherbf said-means and arotary and non-planetary wheel of said train.

- 18. Indriving and feeding mechanism for metal;workingmachinery, the combination of a-work+holder, a- -'tool-holder, and a train of mechanism comprisinga driving member and awplurality ofdriven members, =saidd-riven members having operative connection causing cuttingmovement and feed- .-ing r-movemient wbetween said holders by '--forces acting against each other during operation.

19. In driving and feeding mechanism of mechanism comprising a'driving memher and a plurality of driven members, said driven members having operative connection causing cutting movement and feeding movement between said holders by forces acting against each other during operation, and adjusting means for qualifying the ratio of said forces.

20. In driving and feeding mechanism for metal working machinery, the combination of a work-holder, a tool-holder, a train of mechanism comprising a driving member and a plurality of driven members,

said driven members having operative connection causing cutting movement and feeding movement between said holders by forces acting against each other during operation, and a power-relieving device affecting the feeding movement between said holders.

21. In driving and feeding mechanism for metal Working machinery, the combination of a work-holder, a tool-holder, and a train of mechanism comprising a driving member and a plurality ofdriven members, said driven members having operative connectioncausing cutting movement and feeding movement between said holders by forces and embracing mechanism having an angle of resistance wh1ch establishes a feed gear ratio in said forces.

for-.ametal workin machinery, the combinationof a work-ho der, a tool-holder, a train acting against each other during operation and a plurality of 22. In driving and feeding mechanism for metal working machinery, the combination of a work-holder, a tool-holder, a train of mechanism comprisin a driving member driven members, said driven members having operative connec-- tion causing cutting movement and feeding movement between said holders by forces acting against each other during operation and embracing mechanism having an angle of resistance which establishes a feed gear ratio in said forces, and resistance means auxiliary to said feed gear ratio.

23. In driving and feeding mechanism for metal working machinery, the combination of a work-holder, a tool-holder, an epicyclic gear-train comprising a driving member and a pair of driven members having operative connection causing cutting movement and feeding movement between said holders by forces acting against each other during operation, said operative connection for one of said driven members embracing a gear-train having'an angle of resistance for establishing a feed gear ratio, and resistance means for the other of said driven members amplifying its cutting resistance.

24. In driving and feeding mechanism for metal working machinery, the combination of a work-holder, a tool-holder, and a train of mechanism comprising a driving member and a plurality of driven members, said driven 'members having operative connection causing cutting movement and feeding movement between said holders by forces acting against each other during operation and embracing means normally causing a feeding movement.

25. In driving-and feeding mechanism for metal working machinery, the combination of a work-holder, a tool-holder, and a train of mechanism comprising a driving member and a plurality of. driven members, said driven members having operative connection causing cutting movement and feeding movement between said holders by forces acting against each other during operation and embracing means normally causing a feeding movement, said last-named means embracing an adjusting element for affecting quantity of feeding movement.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name hereto, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

AUGUSTUS M. SOSA. Witnesses:

EDWARD SoU'rHWoRTH, IDA DAVIS. 

